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First author name with co-authors having the same affiliation

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abstract – The abstract provides readers with sufficient information to determine if the short communication contains material of interest. A good abstract should briefly identify the main ideas detailed in the short communication. It should indicate new data, conclusions, or perspectives that the short communication offers, and should provide a brief statement of the significance of this new material. The abstract should not contain references to the literature. The abstract should not exceed 150 words and is required for each short communication. (Please delete this paragraph and begin typing your abstract here.)

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introduction

The introduction follows immediately after the abstract. It should provide background on the problem being addressed by the study, including only essential references to relevant literature and the reasons for doing the research. It should also indicate the overall scope of the material covered in the short communication. These paragraphs present the basis for the presentation in the short communication. The introduction should not indicate results or key findings, which are mentioned briefly in the abstract and described in the Results and Conclusions sections of the short communication. (After you select and delete this paragraph, start entering the text for your short communication here.)

METHODS

Address correspondence to corresponding author name, author mailing address. Electronic mail: author e-mail address

For most short communications reporting on experimental or analytical research, the Introduction section is followed by a Methods section. The methods used in the research, including methods of data collection and analysis, or methods of model development and use, should be separate from, and come before the presentation of results. There may be two or more subheadings for the Methods section.

Heading 2 (Subheading)

A subheading (Heading 2) within a major section is in mixed upper and lower case bold font. A blank line is between the subheading and the text of the first paragraph.

RESULTS

Results should be presented objectively after the methods have been described. There may be two or more subheadings for the Results section.

DISCUSSION

Comments about the results should be reserved for the Discussion section, where all of the study findings are discussed and integrated with results in the literature. The Discussion section should provide commentary to interpret the results. Any limitations of the findings, or possible sources and magnitudes of error, should be mentioned. The Discussion section is also where the authors will recommend or indicate plans for future research.

CONCLUSION

The conclusions section provides a simple summary of what was learned or accomplished by the study. The reader must be able to find supporting evidence in the Results section for each conclusion.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Acknowledgments section is used to recognize external financial sources of support and people who assisted in the study but who do not meet the criteria for authorship.

REFERENCES

List only esstential references from the literature alphabetically and unnumbered. Examples of different types of references are illustrated below.

Baratta, R., Solomonow, M. (1991) The effect of tendon viscoelastic stiffness on the dynamic performance of isometric muscle Journal of Biomechanics 24(2): 1647-1652

Goldstein, S., Frankenburg, E., and Kuhn, J. (1993) Biomechanics of bone. In Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention, ed. A.M. Nahum and J.W. Melvin, pp. 198-223. Springer-Verlag, New York

Letournel, E., and Judet, R. (1993) Fractures of the acetabulum Springer-Verlag, New York

Shreiber, D.I., Bain, A.C., and Meaney, D.F. (1997) In vivo thresholds for mechanical injury to the blood-brain barrier. Procedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 277-292. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA

Stitzel, J.D., Duma, S.M., Cormier, J.M., and Herring, I.P. (2002) A nonlinear finite element model of the eye with experimental validation for the prediction of globe rupture Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 46: 81-102